EIS introduced It's PPTSHARE Service

The main objective of this PPTSHARE service is to get free but targeted views for the work that you presented in a conference or webinar or in invitational lectures.

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Seven Most Popular Techniques That is Used to Analyze Research Output

In any research work, the basic steps are more or less the same. In their blog ScienceBuddies has correctly summarized the basic steps of research, as the following :

1. Ask a Question

2. Do Background Research

3. Construct a Hypothesis

4. Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment

5. Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion

6. Communicate Your Results

However, the techniques you will employ at each step may differ. The efficiency of the techniques you use to achieve your desired goal will determine the optimality and rightness of your research output. If you carefully examine the six steps outlined above, you will quickly realize that the most important step is the fifth, which allows you to draw a conclusion with all of the necessary support and documentation retrieved from the various techniques available to you. The quality of your research output will be determined by the techniques you employ in this step.

This blog post tries to collect the most used techniques of research that you can use to analyze your results. The techniques are as given below :

1)Nonlinear time series models(NLTM),

2)State-space models(SSM)

3)Bayesian methods(BM)

4)Extreme value distributions(EVD)

5)Hierarchical models(HM)

6)Nonlinear regression(NLR), and 

7)MCMC or Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method. 

Click on the techniques to learn more about them and how they are used to identify and explain the most significant findings in any research study (I tried to collect a link that would give you a basic understanding of the technique). If you want to learn the techniques in greater depth, it is best to consult books/tutorials on the subject.)

The graph below shows how many publications—measured in lakhs—used the techniques and had their work accepted by reputable journals published by Elsevier in 2022.

The graph unambiguously illustrates the popularity of the methods used to publish papers in Elsevier journals 3,01,002 times in just one year. State Space Models, or SSM, were found to be the technique most frequently used among the seven techniques (equal to 1,28,556).

As a result, you can organize your research well in advance and may utilize SSM to evaluate the results of your work in preparation for publication in reputable journals.

That's all for today,

See you in the next post.

You may comment on the method you use to analyze your research outputs.

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Seven Research Area where MCDMs are used for better results

The use of MCDMs, or Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods, in various aspects of research has increased dramatically in recent years. The total number of papers on MCDMs is 1298 in 2022, compared to only 51 in 1999. That translates to a 25.45-fold increase in the number of research papers published in journals of Elsevier Publishers.

If we categorize the papers based on the objective of MCDM application, we can broadly divide the published papers into the seven perspectives listed below. MCDMs are used for other purposes as well, but the number of papers on those topics is limited.

Location/Site Selection

MCDMs are frequently used to identify an ideal site or location for the installation or relocation of some industrial units, power plants, business centers, market complexes, and so on. The main objective of MCDM applications remains to consider some factors and identify the best location among the multiple locations available for selection.(Example : Nagababbu et.al.,Bairagi, B)

Performance Evaluation

MCDM techniques were used in several papers to analyze the performance of a product, an industry, or a proposed project. In a few cases, the application of some techniques was used to evaluate some models/formulae/applications.(Example: Nkuna et.al., Stevic et.al.)

Benchmark Development

The creation of benchmarks is critical in performance analysis. The goal included developing benchmarks for evaluation using MCDM techniques, and then applying the technique to evaluate the performance of some products/processes/etc. by comparing the performance to the developed benchmark. (Example: Lohakare et.al., Sumrit et.al.)

Development of Decision Support Systems

MCDMs are also used in the development of integrated decision support systems. This technique is primarily used for the development of the DSS's logic, which is used by the system to make decisions. DSS are used to achieve a variety of goals such as supplier selection, material selection, disaster management, and preventive measurements. (Ghazi et.al., Namin et.al.)

Vulnerability/Risk Analysis

Another objective where MCDMs are used alternatively is vulnerability/risk analysis. Vulnerability is the process of identifying and analyzing potential issues that could negatively impact the system's key objectives. Risk is the process of identifying and analyzing potential issues that could negatively impact the system's key objectives. Both vulnerability and risk involve a lot of decision-making through prioritization, comparing with benchmarks, or feature selection. MCDM is a technique for decision-making objectives such as prioritization, feature selection, and so on. That is the reason why there is a large number of papers on the application of MCDMs in vulnerability or risk analysis. (Mondal et.al., Tanim et.al.)

Index Development

An index is a metric or indicator about something. In the stock exchange, an index is used to measure the performance of any particular aspect of the market. The index developed for ecological studies is used to quantify and summarise ecological conditions at multiple levels. The weights of significance assigned to the input parameters based on their impact on the output are used to create an index. The primary goals of all compensatory MCDMs(Compensatory and Outranking techniques comprise the two categories of MCDMs. The distinction between the two is explained in my MCDM lecture notes.) (such as AHP, ANP, MACBETH, and so on) are to determine the weights of the input parameters so that the output can be used as a single point or number indicator of the inputs. As a result, MCDMs are widely used in the development of indicators. (Example: Gavalas et.al., Pathan et.al.)

Prioritization

The process of determining the level of importance and urgency of a task, system, event, etc. is known as prioritization. Prioritization is broadly equivalent to a process for identifying the best solution among many available solutions. The MCDM techniques were discovered to be ideal for use in prioritizing a list of solutions or options in order to identify the most optimal among them. (Example: Sarkar et.al., Ghasemlouniaa and Utlub)

Examining the published papers revealed that many times, multiple MCDMs were used in a hybrid mode by researchers rather than just one. GIS is sometimes used to visualize the technique's output. The most commonly used technique under MCDM is AHP, which is followed by Fuzzy Logic. Even in situations where there is a high degree of certainty, different MCDMs can produce inconsistent rankings of the alternatives. When two different MCDM techniques are used on the same decision problem, they can produce two different solutions. Because of this, the two most difficult tasks for a new researcher when developing an MCDM-based methodology are the selection of an appropriate analytic method and the interpretation of the MCDM results.

Thank you for reading the article. If you have any comments kindly hit them to me.

@Mrinmoy

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Five Greatest Scientists of Water Resources

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Cover Feature: Five Greatest Scientists of Water Resources 

The study of water resources can be divided into multiple categories. But broadly, the subject of water resources can be subdivided into three parts: 

1. Hydrology(Science of water after precipitation), 
2. Groundwater(the science of water below the surface), and 
3. Hydraulics(the science of water above the surface). 

The interconnection of Hydrology, Groundwater, and Hydraulics is what makes the subject so interesting.

Initial works by some esteemed engineers of yesteryears induced rapid but sustainable development in the field of water resources. 

This post has tried to honor those "Heroes"s for whom we can ensure at least a glass of water for most of the citizens of the World.

Henry Philibert Gaspard Darcy
The inventor of Darcy–Weisbach equation 

Robert E. Horton
The developer of Horton's Equation

J. E. (Eamonn) Nash
He developed the Instant Unit Hydrograph (IUH) Method

Pierre Perrault,
He was regarded as one of the developers of the Hydrological Cycle concept.

Daniel Bernoulli
Proposer of Bernoulli's Equation which governs the conversion of water head into the flow.

Now let us move on to the regular features:

What's New in the Research World?

Launched from EIS a new indexing database for the Scientific Journals: Research Journal Score

Springer Nature and UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network white paper finds interdisciplinary knowledge exchange key to addressing crises

The future of research is revealed in Research Futures Report 2.0 

Open access publishing is indispensable, says award-winning hydrology researcher

Official measures of research ‘impact’ are failing to keep pace with socially-networked academics

New Journal/Special Issue Announcements

New Journal: Carbon Research

Special Issue on Energy and AI Journal.

Title: AI and Data Science-enabled Applications for Intelligent Building Energy Management

Special Issue on IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics

 Title: Future of Power Electronics Systems: Components, Circuits, and Systems.

Conference Calls

14th International Conference on Hydroinformatics HIC 2022 − Water INFLUENCE

International Conference on Computing, Intelligence and Data Analytics,Koceli, Turkey

5th International Conference on Data Science and Applications,Muğla, Turkey

Research Tools

BeFunky Photo Editor 

Typeset.io : Citation Style Importer

Enago’s plagiarism checker

Qiqqa: Free research and reference manager.

New Research Topics

1)Application of "Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environment(NADE)" in the Water and Energy Sector

2)Application of Bull optimization algorithm or Elephant herding optimization (EHO) algorithm in the optimal allocation of water resources in education institute

3)Risk analysis for non-inclusion of sustainability procurement criteria in the tenders issued from educational institutes.

4)Development of Smart Village including the application of optimal procedures to achieve Sustainable Development Goal.

Tutorial

GIS and Remote Sensing Part 1

Scholarship Opportunities

DBT-JRF Fellowship

Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowships in India.

Swarna Jayanti Research Fellowships In Science And Technology.

Raman Charpak Fellowship Program.

Post your own recommendation

Data Requirements/Available

1)Requirement: River Discharge Data of Damodar River in West Bengal

2)Available: Rainfall Data of River Bramhaputra in Assam

Post your data requirement or share the data if available

Thanking you,

@Majumder

Founding and Honorary Editor,Hydrogeek

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How to know what is your value ?

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